#Valentina studio download 9.3 trial#
Tamirou F, D'Cruz D, Sangle S et al (2016) MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial Group, Long-term follow-up of the MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial, comparing azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil as maintenance therapy of lupus nephritis. Houssiau FA, D'Cruz D, Sangle S et al (2010) MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial Group, Azathioprine versus mycophenolate mofetil for long-term immunosuppression in lupus nephritis: results from the MAINTAIN Nephritis Trial. ĭooley MA, Jayne D, Ginzler EM et al (2011) ALMS Group, Mycophenolate versus azathioprine as maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis. (99)70361-6Īppel GB, Contreras G, Dooley MA et al (2009) Aspreva Lupus Management Study Group: mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for induction treatment of lupus nephritis. Mok CC, Wong RWS, Lau CS (1999) Lupus nephritis in southern Chinese patients: clinicopathological findings and long term outcome. Glomerular disease collaborative network. ĭooley MA, Hogan S, Jennette C et al (1997) Cyclophosphamide therapy for lupus nephritis: poor renal survival in black Americans. Moroni G, Quaglini S, Maccario M et al (1996) “Nephritic flares” are predictors of bad long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis. Ponticelli C, Glassock RJ, Moroni G (2010) Induction and maintenance therapy in proliferative lupus nephritis. Zimmerman R, Radhakrishnan J, Valeri A et al (2001) Advances in the treatment of lupus nephritis.
Hanly JG, Okeeffe AG, Su L et al (2016) The frequency and outcome of lupus nephritis: results from an international inception cohort study. All treatments had similar efficacy in achieving and maintaining CRR, despite more severe baseline clinical features in patients treated with CsA. This is the first study comparing CsA, MMF and AZA on long-term LN maintenance therapy. Flares-free survival curves and incidence of side-effects were not different. CKD stage 3 or above developed in 8.8% of CsA, in 8.3% of MMF and in 8.3% of AZA patients (P = 0.92). At 8 years, the primary endpoint was achieved by 79.4% of CsA vs 83.3% of MMF and 77.8% of AZA patients (P = 0.83) 24 h proteinuria, serum creatinine, eGFR were similar. At one year, CRR was similar in the three groups (79.4% on CsA, 63.8% on MMF, 58.3% on AZA, P = 0.2).
At start of maintenance therapy, CsA patients had significantly higher proteinuria (P = 0.004) or nephrotic syndrome (P = 0.024) and significantly lower CRR (23.5% vs 55.5% on MMF and 41.7% on AZA, P = 0.024).
Clinical and histological characteristics at start of induction therapy were comparable among groups. Out of 106 patients, 34 received CsA, 36 MMF and 36 AZA. Primary endpoint was complete renal remission (CRR) after 8 years (defined as proteinuria 60 ml/min/1.73 mq) secondary endpoints were: CRR after 1 year, renal and extrarenal flares, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 3 or above) and side-effects. After induction therapy, all patients received maintenance therapy with CsA, MMF or AZA based on medical decision. We performed a retrospective study of patients with biopsy-proven active LN. The present study was aimed at comparing the efficacy/safety profile of cyclosporine (CsA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) in long-term maintenance therapy of LN. The ideal long-term maintenance therapy of Lupus Nephritis (LN) is still a matter of debate.
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